Purpose This article aims to enhance the understanding of the complexities and challenges associated with implementing Host Nation Support (HNS) from a logistical perspective. While NATO has developed comprehensive doctrines on HNS, significant gaps persist in the existing literature, particularly in strategic planning and operational execution. These gaps are evident in scenarios requiring collaboration between defence authorities and other governmental or non-governmental entities. The study addresses these deficiencies by examining the strategic planning and logistical operations of HNS within a fragmented public authority framework. Methodology The study employs a focused literature review to analyse research on the strategic planning and operational implementation of HNS. Empirical data were gathered through participation in field exercises conducted in Sweden and Norway between 2022 and 2024. Findings were refined through a series of workshops involving military teachers and representatives from relevant authorities. Multilevel governance serves as the explanatory theoretical framework. Findings The study concludes that neither the Swedish state nor its Armed Forces currently possess the necessary resources to fully implement HNS. Extensive civil-military cooperation is essential to bridging this gap. Sweden’s preparedness for comprehensive HNS remains insufficient, despite ongoing efforts to establish a more robust cooperative framework involving stakeholders such as authorities, regional, municipal, and private actors. Research limitations and implications Although this study focuses primarily on the Swedish context, its findings may be applicable to other nations with similar governance structures. The research highlights the need for further investigation into strategic HNS preparation and provides a foundation for future studies in this area. Practical implications The insights presented in this study are valuable for stakeholders involved in HNS strategic and operational planning. The findings may help identify and address existing deficiencies in Sweden’s HNS framework, contributing to improved readiness and execution.