In the current global situation, war is becoming an increasingly significant risk. The risk does not only concern wars between state and non-state irregular actors, but also large-scale wars between the conventional forces of two state actors. Given this, as well as the technological and tactical advancements that have occurred during the 21st century and are still ongoing, it is important to further the understanding of how the new technology and tactics are employed to achieve success on the modern battlefield. To further this understanding the study will analyze the Nagorno-Karabakh War which is a case of war between two state actor’s conventional forces. This study aims to contribute to the overall research and understanding of the war between Azerbaijan and Armenia in the Nagorno-Karabakh region in 2020. In doing so the study thereby contributes to the overall research on modern warfare. Specifically, this study seeks to enhance the understanding of the outcome of the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war by using Stephen Biddle’s theory as a framework to structure and focus the analysis of the war. The result of the study shows a correlation between the outcome of the war and the factors described in Biddle’s modern system theory. The state that to the largest extent, and the way in which the factors in the theory have been employed correlates with the state seen as victor in the war. In the case of the Nagorno-Karabakh war that state is Azerbaijan.