EU and NATO require member states to be resilient against natural disasters, terrorist attacks, and different forms of warfare. These requirements have implications for supply chains and critical infrastructure as they involve a shift of paradigm, from efficiency thinking to resiliency thinking. In addition, the expansion of NATO will change operational planning on the northern flank. The exact nature of these plans remains unknown, but they will require that the traditional focus on north to south in the Nordic countries is complemented with a new focus on west to east. This means that supply chains and critical infrastructure must be able to support reception, staging and onwards movement of military units, as well as the continuous sustainment of forces.