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International Defence Collaboration in the European Union: Consequences of utilising EU Financial Support for Next-Generation Air Combat Systems
Swedish Defence University.
2026 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Internationella försvarssamarbeten inom Europeiska unionen : Konsekvenser av att nyttja finansiellt stöd för nästa generations stridsflyg (Swedish)
Abstract [en]

The purpose of this study is to analyse the value for actors in medium-sized countries when developing defence products in collaboration with other countries within the EU framework. This is explored by conducting a case study on the Swedish development of a next-generation air combat system as a part of a project at the Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI). The data was collected through a review of official EU documents and semi-structured interviews with professionals in the defence sector, representing the three parts of the Triple Helix. The interviews were analysed using an inductive thematic analysis. The focus was to examine how the EU’s new defence programmes could be used to support Swedish involvement in international collaboration. The analysis and discussion were linked to concepts such as Military Suitability and the Top-Down and Bottom-Up approaches. Results showed that there are several advantages of collaboration within the EU framework, such as cost, knowledge and technology sharing, and increased interoperability. There were also disadvantages such as reduced sovereign control and national independence. However, the advantages can also be apparent in collaborations outside of the EU. Several critical factors for successful collaborations were also found, such as finding common ground with collaboration partners and having synchronised timelines. Mutual trust and understanding, a structured plan for co-financing, clear communication, and political support for the project were also important. The most promising instrument for development in the European Defence Industry Programme was the EDPCI, but it should primarily be used to develop sub-systems, rather than entire air combat systems.

Abstract [sv]

Syftet med denna uppsats är att analysera värdet för medelstora nationer att utveckla försvarsprodukter i samarbete med andra länder inom ramen för EU. Detta utforskas genom en fallstudie gällande svensk utveckling av nästa generations stridsflygplan som en del av ett projekt hos Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut (FOI). Datainsamlingen skedde genom en genomgång av officiella EU-dokument och semistrukturerade intervjuer med yrkesverksamma inom försvarssektorn, vilka representerade de tre delarna av Triple Helix. Intervjuerna analyserades sedan med hjälp av en induktiv tematisk analys. Fokuset låg på att utvärdera hur de nya försvarsprogrammen inom EU kan användas för att stötta svenskt deltagande i internationella samarbeten. I analysen och diskussionen kopplades resultatet samman med begrepp som Military Suitability och Top-Down- och Bottom-Up-perspektiven. Resultaten visade att det finns många fördelar med att samarbeta inom ramen för EU, såsom kostnads-, kunskaps- och teknikdelning, samt ökad interoperabilitet. Det fanns också nackdelar, såsom minskad rådighet över beslut och minskat nationellt oberoende. Fördelarna som påvisades kan dock även hittas i samarbeten utanför EU. Flera kritiska faktorer för framgångsrika samarbeten påvisades också, såsom att identifiera gemensamma förutsättningar och att ha synkroniserade tidsplaner. Ömsesidig tillit och förståelse, en tydlig plan för medfinansiering, tydlig kommunikation och politisk backning var också viktiga faktorer. Det mest lovande instrumentet för utveckling som fanns i European Defence Industry Programme var EDPCI, men dess främsta användning ansågs vara att utveckla delsystem till stridsflygplan, snarare än kompletta stridsflygsystem.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2026. , p. 61
Keywords [en]
International collaboration, European Union, Air Combat Systems, EDIP, ECF
Keywords [sv]
internationellt samarbete, Europeiska unionen, stridsflyg, EDIP, ECF
National Category
Political Science
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-15104OAI: oai:DiVA.org:fhs-15104DiVA, id: diva2:2097963
External cooperation
Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut
Subject / course
Försvarssystem, självständigt arbete
Educational program
Master´s programme in Innovation, Defence and Security
Uppsok
Social and Behavioural Science, Law
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2026-09-07 Created: 2026-09-02 Last updated: 2026-09-17Bibliographically approved

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