The article by Magnus Christiansson (senior lecturer at the Swedish National Defence University) argues that multi-domain operations (MDO) — adopted as a NATO concept in 2023 with an implementation target of 2030 — are not a military paradigm shift but the latest version of a recurring idea of network-based warfare, similar to the Swedish NBF at the turn of the century, which failed. The driving force is global power politics: technological levelling (AI, drones, quantum technology) threatens Western military superiority, and the core of the battlefield is now data management in an electromagnetically vulnerable network — something that the war in Ukraine confirms in practice. The central warning is that Sweden risks repeating the NBF fiasco if MDO is not linked to strategic realities and organisational change. The conclusion is that the Armed Forces must build both a battlefield network and an innovation network — and that the ability to organise and adapt is more important than individual weapon systems or doctrinal abbreviations.