This study explores how drones have contributed to underdogs having a chance of surviving against a more powerful adversary. One conflict where drones are being used is the ongoing war between Ukraine and Russia, a conflict characterized by asymmetrical power dynamics. Through a theory-consuming approach, this study will explain how the use of Ukrainian drones has evolved over the first year of the conflict. This will be done by comparing the use of drones at the beginning of the war with one year into the war. The analysis will later be used to explain how drones affect power asymmetries. To answer the question, the study will create a theoretical framework with the help of the asymmetrical airpower theory, The Underdog’s Model.
The study concludes that the use of Ukrainian drones has evolved. Initially relying on more advanced and expensive systems, Ukraine gradually shifted towards simpler and more cost-effective alternatives. This led to drones being used on a bigger scale which is beneficial for an underdog due to its ability to deliver effect. The drones also gave Ukraine the ability to conduct intelligence and reconnaissance missions on a wider range which led to better situational awareness and higher precision for the artillery. It also took part in why Ukraine got external support, necessary for survival. Finally, Ukraine started to produce their own drones which resulted in a cheaper and more secure production. The results from this study can be used by other underdogs in their way of preparing themself but also to predict how future conflict will be fought.