The assessment and evaluation of university technology transfer (UTT) ecosystems have been increasingly discussed since the introduction of the economic ecosystem concept. However, there remains no consensus on how to define or measure good performance within these ecosystems. This paper demonstrates the use of benchmarking to compare two UTT ecosystems, in the U.K. and Sweden, using the resource-based view (RBV) of strategy to evaluate performance. Specifically, it examines six RBV dimensions: background information; capital structure, ownership and corporate governance; technology; human capital; markets; and performance. The study draws on a sample of 57 small high-tech firms and spin-offs from the UTT, including 28 from the U.K. and 29 from Sweden. Our findings indicate that the benchmarking approach facilitates the measurement of differences in resources and strategic performance dimensions, while also considering the efforts and outcomes at both the ecosystem and firm levels. Additionally, the benchmarking process categorizes the ecosystems into two distinct groups based on performance, revealing key differences and informing policy identification.