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  • 1.
    Alvinius, Aida
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Leadership Division, Karlstad.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section, Sektionen för säkerhetespolitik och strategi.
    Blaming and shaming in the shadow structure: individual resistance towards genderequality work as expressions of social conflict2023In: Feminist Media Studies, ISSN 1468-0777, E-ISSN 1471-5902, Vol. 23, no 1, p. 83-100Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article explores individual resistance related to a military organization’s gender equality work as expressed in online contexts. Resistance is explained as expressions of wider social conflicts, grounded in experiences of threats towards military masculinities, challenged by societal and political transformation processes perceived as feminine. The data consists of defence-related blogs and comments. A thematic analysis finds that individual resistance can be understood as blaming and shaming strategies. Five sub-themes are identified: blaming the “feminised” organization, blaming and shaming women’s abilities to serve, individualisation of structural problems, verbal violence and violations, and objectification of men working with and supporting gender equality initiatives. The analysis exemplifies how social conflict is transferred to organizations through individual resistance. As gender equality policies are questioned, organizations need to confront resistance also within the online context.

  • 2.
    Alvinius, Aida
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Institutionen för ledarskap och ledning, Leadership and Command & Control Division Karlstad. Department of Leadership and Command & Control, Swedish Defence University, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Political Science and Law, Political Science Division. Department of Political Science and Law, Swedish Defence University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    External, non-governmental resistance in relation to interstate war: an analytical framework2023In: European Security, ISSN 0966-2839, E-ISSN 1746-1545, p. 1-19Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Russian war against Ukraine in February 2022, unleashed an unprecedented wave of non-governmental, external resistance directed against Russia. In many ways, previous literature on war and resistance does not capture the characteristics of this phenomenon. Besides noting the presence of civilian war protests outside of the warzone, most research has focused on internal resistance during war. In this article, we draw on a wider array of resistance literature and present an analytical framework that allows us to capture the broad elements of non-governmental, external resistance during war – including the power-resistance nexus at work. The analytical framework sorts the various kinds of resisters, it categorises the form of resistance and the targets pursued. The usefulness of the analytical framework is demonstrated through an exploration of empirical examples and illustrations drawn from media reports gathered during the first 10 days of the war in Ukraine. It is concluded that new analytical tools are necessary in order to capture non-governmental, external resistance during war as it is waged in Europe in the 2020s.

  • 3.
    Alvinius, Aida
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Ledarskapscentrum.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section, Sektionen för säkerhet.
    Silence-breaking butterfly effect: Resistance Towards the Military Within #MeToo2019In: Gender, Work and Organization, ISSN 0968-6673, E-ISSN 1468-0432, Vol. 26, no 9, p. 1255-1270Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Systemic violence against women in the military has existed for decades, but they have mostly refrained from public resistance. However, in the context of the #Metoo‐movement in Sweden, 1768 women published a call for an end to violence and sexual harassment in the military. We analyze this call as a public resistance effort against the military and find that #Metoo is: 1) challenging the norms of the hyper‐masculine military organization, making resistance towards it visible, and 2) resisting the practices of sexual harassment and lack of responsibility in the military organization. The military organization is questioned when it comes to norms and practices, but there are variations in whether the social order of the military is truly challenged. Still, the call highlights the fragmentation of this “last bastion of masculinity”. More research is needed on the erosion of the militarized norms and practices and the effects of the call.

  • 4.
    Alvinius, Aida
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Ledarskapscentrum.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section, Sektionen för säkerhetspolitik och strategi.
    Hobbins, Jennifer
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Ledarskapscentrum.
    Nya perspektiv på lärarnas arbetsmiljöproblematik: läraren som säkerhets- och krishanteringsaktör2018In: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift, ISSN 0037-833X, Vol. 95, no 4, p. 399-406Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article problematizes the relationship between teachers as an occupational group and the security- and crisis management field, and argue that this relationship can be expected to influence the former’s working environment. Drawing on a literature study, the analysis finds two major potential challenges: a) work environment problems related to the new teacher’s role and b) gender aspects highlighted through this connection. This occupational group may be faced with new tasks that have traditionally been managed by rescue services or police. In this context notions of gender are actualized. Female dominated occupational groups risk being subordinated. Municipal resource allocation processes has so far excluded teachers in relation to security and crisis-management tasks, which can increase problems in relation to work environment.

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  • 5.
    Alvinius, Aida
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Ledarskapscentrum.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section, Sektionen för säkerhet.
    Johansson, Eva
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Ledarskapscentrum.
    Do military leaders resist organizational challenges?2019In: Journal of Resistance Studies, ISSN 2001-9947, Vol. 5, no 1Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Armed forces in many Western countries have been facing societal change processes for more than twenty years; including value changes, government savings and, more recently, by the unstable security environment. The starting point here is that there is a relationship between processes of societal change and organizational challenges. The purpose of this study is to examine how military leaders manage and respond to different kinds of organizational challenges, focusing on resistance. The empirical material was collected using a grounded theory approach. Informants possessing wide experience of leadership participated in this study. The qualitative analysis describes the coping strategies, acceptance and resistance found among military leaders when dealing with organizational demands. Challenges caused by societal changes are experienced as negative aspects of organizational structure. This may be an explanation for why military leaders cope with them applying both resistance and acceptance. However, our main conclusion is that resistance to change stays within a culture of obedience.

  • 6.
    Alvinius, Aida
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Ledarskapscentrum.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section, Sektionen för säkerhetspolitik och strategi.
    Larsson, Gerry
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Ledarskapscentrum.
    Leading a Military Organization Effectively in a State of Post-Scarcity2018In: From Knowing to Doing: International Perspectives on Leading Effectively / [ed] Daniel J. Watola & Allister MacIntyre, Kingston, Ontario: Canadian Defence Academy Press , 2018, p. 105-128Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 7.
    Bremberg, Niklas
    et al.
    Utrikespolitiska institutet.
    Hagström, Linus
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Inledning: om att forska och vara forskare2016In: Att forska: praktiker och roller inom samhällsvetenskapen / [ed] Linus Hagström, Niklas Bremberg, Arita Holmberg, Stockholm: Carlsson Bokförlag, 2016, p. 13-30Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 8.
    Britz, Malena
    et al.
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Eriksson, Arita
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Analyzing EU's shared strategy2008In: The European Union and Strategy: an Emerging Actor / [ed] Kjell Engelbrekt och Jan Hallenberg, London och New York: Routledge , 2008Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 9.
    Britz, Malena
    et al.
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security and Strategic Studies (ISS).
    Eriksson, Arita
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security and Strategic Studies (ISS).
    European Foreign and Security Policy: A Foruth System of European Foreign Policy?2005In: Politique Européenne, ISSN 1623-6297, no 17, p. 35-62Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The development of defence activities related to the European Union has been rapid since the end of the Cold War. The creation of the European Defence Agency (EDA) in 2004 might contribute to greater coherence in the Union’s defence related activities. This article investigates the development that has enabled the creation of the EDA and what these developments mean to the study of European foreign policy. The authors argue - in opposition to Brian White (2001) - that defence should, by 2005, at least be seen as a fourth sub-system of European foreign policy.

  • 10.
    Britz, Malena
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Strategy Section.
    Hallenberg, Jan
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security and Strategic Studies (ISS).
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Strategy Section.
    European Union Defence Issues and Policy2009In: The European Union Encyclopedia and Directory 2010, London: Routledge , 2009, 10, p. 261-265Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 11.
    Britz, Malena
    et al.
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Sverige och europeisk säkerhets- och försvarspolitik: Utvecklingstendenser i en sammanflätad process2015In: Svensk säkerhetspolitik i Europa och världen / [ed] Kjell Engelbrekt, Arita Holmberg, Jan Ångström, Stockholm: Norstedts Juridik AB, 2015, 2, p. 35-58Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 12.
    Engelbrekt, Kjell
    et al.
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Holmberg, AritaSwedish National Defence College, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.Ångström, JanSwedish National Defence College, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Division of Strategy.
    Svensk säkerhetspolitik i Europa och världen2015Collection (editor) (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Vad betyder det svenska medlemskapet i den Europeiska Unionen för svensk säkerhets- och försvarspolitik? I vad består och vem bedriver svensk säkerhetspolitik idag? Vilka former tar sig svensk säkerhetspolitik? Vilka beröringspunkter finns med andra politikområden? Vad betyder det nordiska samarbetet? Frågorna ställs i den reviderade andra upplagan av "Svensk säkerhetspolitik i Europa och världen" och analyseras utifrån en rad olika perspektiv; från teoretiska till praktiska, från militära till civila och från beslut till implementering.

  • 13.
    Engelbrekt, Kjell
    et al.
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Ångström, Jan
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Division of Strategy.
    Svensk säkerhetspolitik i omdaning2015In: Svensk säkerhetspolitik i Europa och världen / [ed] Kjell Engelbrekt, Arita Holmberg, Jan Ångström, Stockholm: Norstedts Juridik AB, 2015, 2, p. 265-277Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 14.
    Eriksson, Arita
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Analyzing EU Defence Integration through Problem Definition2008Report (Other academic)
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    presentationsbild
  • 15.
    Eriksson, Arita
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    The EU in global security governance: lessons for conceptual development2008In: European security governance: the European Union in a Westphalian world / [ed] Charlotte Wagnsson, James Sperling & Jan Hallenberg, London: Routledge , 2008Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 16.
    Hagström, Linus
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Bremberg, NiklasStockholms universitet och Utrikespolitiska institutet.Holmberg, AritaSwedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Att forska: praktiker och roller inom samhällsvetenskapen2016Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 17.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    A demilitarization process under challenge: The example of Sweden2015In: Defence Studies, ISSN 1470-2436, E-ISSN 1743-9698, Vol. 15, no 3, p. 1-19Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    During the past decades, the process of militarization that characterized Sweden after the Second World War has been replaced by a process of demilitarization. With the debates following the war in Georgia 2008 and the Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014, this process of demilitarization appears under challenge. This raises questions about the nature of these processes and the problems facing the attempts at turning them around. The article introduces a framework for analysing the influence of the military upon politics and society in the twenty-first-century European context with the aim of better understanding the various traits, their interconnections and relation to broader trends in Europe and the West. The analysis shows that traits of demilitarization are still dominating in Sweden, although some indications of remilitarization can be found.

  • 18.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Political Science and Law, Political Science Division.
    Bodies that challenge the military social order: unpacking institutional resistance against veganism in the military2024In: Critical Military Studies, ISSN 2333-7486, E-ISSN 2333-7494, Vol. 10, no 1, p. 19-39Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article contributes to the literature theorizing military social order, embodiment, and resistance in IR. The military institution is known to resist change, and much research have been devoted to challenges to the gendered order of the military. One area that has received little attention, however, is the reluctance of many militaries in the West to facilitate veganism during service in spite of the increasing demand for vegan food options, diversity, and sustainability. Drawing on research on the military social order and gender theory, I conduct an unpacking of conflicting elements and representations of military and vegan bodies, and theorize this reluctance as institutional resistance. Typically, the military does not offer motivations for its stance – which makes it difficult to detect and counter. As a consequence, vegans are silenced and excluded, not facilitated to enter the military. This is a challenge to increasing attempts at governing sustainability and diversity in the military.

  • 19.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Political Science and Law, Political Science Division.
    External, non-governmental resistance in relation to interstate war: an analytical frameworkIn: European Security, ISSN 0966-2839, E-ISSN 1746-1545Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

  • 20.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security and Strategic Studies (ISS), Political Science Section.
    Relations among state and non-state actors and the prospects for security governance: The case of the implementation of UN Security Council resolution 13252011Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Security studies have only recently begun to analyze the complexities of managing the so-called new wars. This paper focuses upon the challenge of establishing inter-institutional interaction among different types of actors; civilian and military, state and non-state, involved in security governance aimed at managing new wars. The United Nations Security Council resolution 1325 is chosen as anempirical focal point for the analysis. The relationships among the actors engaged in implementing the resolution are often highly asymmetric in character. How do they view inter-institutional interaction? Are there differences in the prospects for interaction with regard to the two dimensions of the resolution; protection and participation of women and girls?  Drawing on new institutionalist theory a framework for analyzing how different types of actors view interaction with each other are presented.

  • 21.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Sverige och europeiseringen av försvarspolitiken2010In: Svensk säkerhetspolitik i Europa och världen / [ed] Kjell Engelbrekt och Jan Ångström, Stockholm: Norstedts Juridik AB, 2010, 1, p. 131-146Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 22.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Swedish Security Strategy in the Twenty-first Century: What Role for Human Security?2012In: National, European and Human Security : From Co-existence to Convergence / [ed] Mary Kaldor, Mary Martin, Nancis Serra, London: Routledge, 2012, 1, p. 110-129Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 23.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section, Sektionen för säkerhetespolitik och strategi.
    Swedish teachers’ views of security in schools: narratives disconnected from the national security discourse2021In: Critical Studies on Security, ISSN 2162-4887, E-ISSN 2162-4909, Vol. 9, no 3, p. 226-240Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    National security discourses have entered teacher’s classrooms. A strand of largely critical literature in education studies have noted that new security tasks clash with the roles of teachers. However, few studies have yet approached this audience about their views on security. This article analyses how Swedish teachers conceive of security in relation to the school system. Data consists of semi-structured interviews with teachers and principals, conducted in medium-sized municipalities in Sweden. The analysis finds that teachers maintain a conceptualisation of security that focuses on the individual. Simultaneously, teachers rarely adopt national security discourses (except regarding school violence) and several argue against emphasising the concept of security in relation to schools. The results offer an opportunity to analyse the views of teachers as audiences in relation to the extension of the security field into the educational domain.

  • 24.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security and Strategic Studies (ISS), Political Science Section.
    The Changing Role of NATO: Exploring the Implications for Security Governance and Legitimacy2011In: European Security, ISSN 0966-2839, E-ISSN 1746-1545, Vol. 20, no 4, p. 529-546Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 25.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section, Sektionen för säkerhetespolitik och strategi.
    The framing of environmental citizenship and youth participation in the Fridays for Future Movement in Finland – commentary to Huttunen and Albrecht (2021-06-27)2021In: Fennia, E-ISSN 1798-5617, ISSN 0015-0010, Vol. 199, no 1, p. 144-146Article, review/survey (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This is a commentary to the article "The framing of environmental citizenship and youth participation in the Fridays for Future Movement in Finland" by Janette Huttunen and Eerika Albrecht. In the piece I reflect on the analysis and results of this interesting research, focusing in particular on adult's depoliticization of children's protest and the potential collective social and political impact of the Fridays for Future movement for youth.

  • 26.
    Holmberg, Arita
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section, Sektionen för säkerhetespolitik och strategi.
    Alvinius, Aida
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Leadership Division, Karlstad.
    Children as a new climate precariat: A conceptual proposition2022In: Current Sociology, ISSN 0011-3921, E-ISSN 1461-7064, Vol. 70, no 5, p. 781-797Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article proposes that children constitute a new climate precariat. This conceptualization contributes to a more comprehensive theoretical understanding of the vulnerability of children in relation to the climate crisis. Previous literature tends to treat climate change in an abstract fashion that renders today’s children invisible. Climate precarity consists of three main elements of vulnerability: temporality problems, insecurity and an identity vacuum. In relation to temporality and security, children are suffering from the potential loss of a sustainable future, which spurs the need for urgent action and constant consciousness – in the present. World leaders’ inaction creates an uncertainty regarding whom should be held responsible for taking action in guaranteeing children the future which climate change is at risk of depriving them. The concept of climate precarity could be used to explain children’s collective action in relation to the climate crisis. Children’s concerns in relation to the climate crisis suggest that agency and empowerment are spurred through their resistance towards these vulnerabilities.

  • 27.
    Holmberg, Arita
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section, Sektionen för säkerhetespolitik och strategi.
    Alvinius, Aida
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Ledarskapscentrum.
    Children’s protest in relation to the climate emergency: a qualitative study on a new form of resistance promoting political and social change2020In: Childhood, ISSN 0907-5682, E-ISSN 1461-7013, Vol. 27, no 1, p. 78-92Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article explores children’s resistance in relation to the climate emergency through a thematic analysis of climate activist Greta Thunberg’s speeches. Two themes, new to the literature, are identified: (1) need for political and social change focusing on the climate emergency, resistance towards laissez-faire behaviour and exhortations, and (2) resistance targets including the political leaders, capitalist ideologies and older generations. This illustrates the power of children in expressing abstract progressive resistance.

  • 28.
    Holmberg, Arita
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section, Sektionen för säkerhet.
    Alvinius, Aida
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Ledarskapscentrum.
    How Pressure for Change Challenge Military Organizational Characteristics2019In: Defence Studies, ISSN 1470-2436, E-ISSN 1743-9698, Vol. 19, no 2, p. 130-148Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article elaborates on how structural, normative and functional pressures for change may challenge military organizational characteristics. We problematize theoretically and exemplify empirically what consequences these pressures can have on military organizational characteristics, arguing that they constitute major challenges for managing in particular normative pressures for change. The empirical examples suggest that bureaucratic, hierarchical, narcissistic and greedy traits of the organization are challenged by normative pressures such as value changes and normalization. Another source of challenge is professionalization processes. Structural challenges, on the other hand, are managed by the organization and do not seem to inhibit the workings of organizational characteristics. The plausibility probe conducted questions the sustainability of military organizational characteristics in their traditional disguise, in particular due to legitimacy concerns. It is suggested that future research should be directed towards analyzing how military organizations manage pressure for change and whether their characteristics are questioned.

  • 29.
    Holmberg, Arita
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Political Science and Law, Political Science Division.
    Alvinius, Aida
    Swedish Defence University, Institutionen för ledarskap och ledning, Leadership and Command & Control Division Karlstad.
    Organizational resistance through organizing principles: the case of gender equality in the military2024In: Gender in Management, ISSN 1754-2413, E-ISSN 1754-2421, Vol. 39, no 3, p. 313-327Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose – Previous studies show that the implementation of gender equality encounters resistance in military organizations, but it is often invisible or seen as confined to anonymous structures or troubled individuals. This paper aims to show how the Swedish Armed Forces (SAF) use organizational principles to resist implementing gender equality measures.

    Design/methodology/approach – The study is a qualitative analysis of discursive strategies in the SAF’s 2013–2018 annual reports to government.

    Findings – The organizing principles of instrumentality and distance, while existing in parallel with gender equality efforts, actually pursue logics that prevents the SAF from implementing gender equality. The principle of instrumentality in this context means that gender equality in the SAF is of secondary interest to organizational members. The principle of distancing from the problem includes strategies that alienate female from male officers.

    Originality/value – The contribution of this paper is the finding that the use of organizing principles represents conscious organizational resistance to go gender equality efforts. This kind of use needs to be revealed and criticized to change military organizations.

  • 30.
    Holmberg, Arita
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section, Sektionen för säkerhetespolitik och strategi.
    Alvinius, Aida
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Leadership Division, Karlstad.
    The many gendered faces of teachers' views on schools and security2021In: The European Journal of Women's Studies, ISSN 1350-5068, E-ISSN 1461-7420, Vol. 28, no 1, p. 71-85Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article analyses the gendered nature of teachers’ views on schools and security.Current research on security emphasizes masculinity and the absence of femininity inrelation to the security field – traditionally dominated by the military and emergencyrescue services. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the areas of society that arenew to the security field. Schools, pupils and teachers are gendered in many ways. Whathappens when security is added to this nexus? Existing, limited research suggests thatthis relationship may be both complicated and gendered. A qualitative content analysisis conducted based on interviews with teachers and principals from two municipalitiesin Sweden. It shows that teachers hold gendered views of their roles as security actors;of pupils in relation to security, as subjects of risks and sources of threats; and ofexternal security threats. Men are embodied as positive or negative actors, whereaswomen are embodied mostly as powerless actors. Teachers give voice to a discoursefocused on everyday insecurities. This is important, as the role of teachers (in particularwomen) as promoters of democratic citizens risks becoming undermined, and individualperspectives of security risk becoming replaced by national perspectives.

  • 31.
    Holmberg, Arita
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Britz, Malena
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security and Strategic Studies (ISS).
    Hallenberg, Jan
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security and Strategic Studies (ISS).
    European Union Defence Issues and Policy2011In: European Union Encyclopedia and Directory 2012, London: Routledge , 2011, 12Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 32.
    Holmberg, Arita
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Britz, Malena
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security and Strategic Studies (ISS).
    Hallenberg, Jan
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security and Strategic Studies (ISS).
    European Union Defence Issues and Policy2010In: European Union Encyclopedia and Directory 2011, Routledge, 2010, 11Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 33.
    Holmberg, Arita
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Hagström, Linus
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Bremberg, Niklas
    Utrikespolitiska institutet.
    Avslutning: om och till Jan Hallenberg2016In: Att forska: praktiker och roller inom samhällsvetenskapen, Stockholm: Carlsson Bokförlag, 2016, p. 292-296Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 34.
    Holmberg, Arita
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Hallenberg, Jan
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Conceptual Framework2017In: The Swedish Presence in Afghanistan: Security and Defence Transformation / [ed] Arita Holmberg & Jan Hallenberg, Abingdon: Routledge, 2017, p. 19-30Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 35.
    Holmberg, Arita
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Hallenberg, Jan
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Conclusions2017In: The Swedish Presence in Afghanistan: Security and Defence Transformation / [ed] Arita Holmberg & Jan Hallenberg, Abingdon: Routledge, 2017, p. 182-195Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 36.
    Holmberg, Arita
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Hallenberg, Jan
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Introduction2017In: The Swedish Presence in Afghanistan: Security and Defence Transformation / [ed] Arita Holmberg och Jan Hallenberg, Abingdon: Routledge, 2017, p. 1-18Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 37.
    Holmberg, Arita
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Hallenberg, JanSwedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    The Swedish Presence in Afghanistan: Security and Defence Transformation2017Collection (editor) (Refereed)
  • 38.
    Holmberg, Arita
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Political Science and Law, Political Science Division.
    Holmberg, Miranda
    (SWE).
    Alvinius, Aida
    Swedish Defence University, Institutionen för ledarskap och ledning, Leadership and Command & Control Division Karlstad.
    Människans sociala relationer med djur: En utmaning för totalförsvaret?2023In: Sociologisk forskning, ISSN 0038-0342, E-ISSN 2002-066X, Vol. 59, no 4Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Kriget i Ukraina har redan fått många återverkningar, även i samhällen som inte direkt skakas av de fruktansvärda krigshandlingarna. I traditionella och sociala medier funderar människor kring vad som skulle hända om det blev krig i Sverige och hur detta skulle påverka vår vardag och våra relationer. En ofta förbisedd fråga i detta sammanhang är relationen mellan människor och djur. I denna artikel diskuteras hur totalförsvaret som samhällsorganisation och verksamhet kan utmanas av 2020-talets normer om förhållandet mellan människor och djur och djurs status som säkerhetssubjekt. Mot bakgrund av den traditionella totalförsvarstanken presenterar vi ett antal områden där djurens relationer med människor kan tänkas väcka frågor och komma i konflikt med delar av totalförsvaret: synen på säkerhet, juridiken i kris och krig samt utvecklingen av den sociala relationen mellan människor och djur. Artikeln avslutas med tankar kring hur ett totalförsvar som inkluderar djur skulle kunna se ut samt kring hur dagens totalförsvar i så fall skulle behöva förändras.

  • 39.
    Holmberg, Arita
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Nilsson, Sofia
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Ledarskapscentrum.
    Developments in Civil-Military Relations: The Swedish Armed Forces Managing Legitimacy in a Post-Materialist Society2018In: Res Militaris, E-ISSN 2265-6294, Vol. 8, no 1, article id 1027593Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The functional and societal imperatives, considered to capture the status of civil-military relations, are developing in a complex process. In this article, we argue that the military institution is faced with developing, and in some cases new, political and social legitimacy demands, the consequences of which have not been sufficiently addressed in the literature. Sweden, considered highly post-materialist, is used as an empirical example since not only the social, but also the functional imperative have changed - the latter following the Russian occupation of Crimea. The authors analyze inductively what legitimacy demands the military institution identifies, and how it attempts to manage them. Three areas are found to be of importance : the ability to adapt to norms regarding public administration (including norms affecting effectiveness and values), managing diminished power over capabilities, and understanding how to be socially attractive. It is suggested that future research direct more attention at the challenges posed to civil-military relations by the post-materialist society, and the potentially contradictory legitimacy demands that follow from developments within the functional and societal spheres.

  • 40.
    Holmberg, Arita
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Political Science and Law, Political Science Division.
    Pahv, Beatrice
    Caught between Progressive and Traditional: The Swedish Military Managing Diversity2022In: The Power of Diversity in the Armed Forces: International Perspectives on Immigrant Participation in the Military / [ed] Grazia Scoppio; Sara Greco, McGill-Queen's University Press, 2022, p. 151-168Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 41.
    Holmberg, Arita
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Vreiler, Aron
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Alerius, Alexandra
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Den transatlantiska länken i förändring: Mot ett ökat europeiskt ansvarstagande?2016Report (Other academic)
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 42.
    Rinaldo, Andrea
    et al.
    Military Academy (MILAC) at ETH Zurich, Birmensdorf, Switzerland, (CHE).
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Political Science and Law, Political Science Division. Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section, Sektionen för säkerhetespolitik och strategi.
    Der Umgang mit Weiblichkeit durch visuelle Verkörperung: Die Darstellung von Frauen auf den Instagram-Accounts der schwedischen und schweizerischen Streitkräfte2023In: Soziale Medien und die Streitkräfte / [ed] Moehlecke de Baseggio, Eva; Schneider, Olivia; Szvircsev Tresch, Tibor, Cham: Springer, 2023, p. 91-118Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [de]

    Als ‚gendered Organisation‘ basiert die organisationale Identität des Militärs unter anderem auf dem, was als stereotype Männlichkeit angesehen wird: starke, mutige und zähe Männer repräsentieren den idealen Krieger. Die zunehmende Zahl weiblicher Soldaten bedroht diesen Teil der Organisationsidentität. Soziale Medien wie Instagram dienen als Mittel zur Reflexion der Organisationsidentität. Der folgende Beitrag untersucht daher, wie die Streitkräfte mit der geschlechtsspezifischen Natur des Militärs umgehen, indem er die Darstellung von Frauen auf den Instagram-Profilen der schwedischen und der Schweizer Armee vergleicht. Unter Berücksichtigung des gesellschaftlichen Kontextes sowie der militärischen Besonderheiten beider Länder wird analysiert, ob Geschlechterstereotypen im Militär hervorgehoben oder reduziert werden und wie der weibliche Körper in Bezug auf die militärische Identität behandelt wird. Eine visuelle Inhaltsanalyse der Instagram-Posts aus dem Jahr 2018 zeigt, dass Frauen im Falle der schwedischen Streitkräfte in stereotypen männlichen Rollen dargestellt werden, während die Instagram-Bilder der Schweizer Armee, die Frauen zeigen, stereotype weibliche Attribute hervorheben.

  • 43.
    Rinaldo, Andrea
    et al.
    Military Academy (MILAC) at ETH Zurich, Birmensdorf, Switzerland, (CHE).
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section, Sektionen för säkerhetespolitik och strategi.
    Managing Femininity Through Visual Embodiment: The Portrayal of Women on the Instagram Accounts of the Swedish and the Swiss Armed Forces2020In: Social Media and the Armed Forces / [ed] Moehlecke de Baseggio, Eva, Schneider, Olivia, Szvircsev Tresch, Tibor (Eds.), Cham: Springer, 2020, p. 71-93Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    As a gendered organisation, the military’s organisational identity is based, among other things, on what is considered as stereotypic masculinity: strong, brave, and tough men represent the ideal warrior. The increasing number of female soldiers threatens this part of the organisational identity. Social media such as Instagram serves as a means to reflect organisational identity. Therefore, the following contribution examines how the armed forces deal with the gendered nature of the military by comparing the portrayal of women on the Instagram profiles of the Swedish and the Swiss Armed Forces. In consideration of the societal context as well as both countries’ military characteristics, we analyse whether gender stereotypes in the military are highlighted or reduced and how the female body is treated in relation to military identity. A visual content analysis of the Instagram posts from 2018 reveals that women are portrayed in stereotypical masculine roles in the case of the Swedish Armed Forces, whereas the Instagram pictures of the Swiss Armed Forces portraying women highlight stereotypical female attributes.

  • 44.
    Wagnsson, Charlotte
    et al.
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Political Science Section.
    Conflict Management2014In: Handbook of Governance and Security / [ed] James Sperling, Northampton: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2014, p. 324-342Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 45.
    Wagnsson, Charlotte
    et al.
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security and Strategic Studies (ISS), Political Science Section.
    Holmberg, Arita
    Swedish National Defence College, Department of Security and Strategic Studies (ISS), Political Science Section.
    Hellman, Maria
    Stockholms Universitet, Institutionen för Journalistik, Medier och Kommunikation.
    The Centrality of Non-traditional Groups for Security in the Globalized Era: The Case of Children2010In: International Political Sociology, ISSN 1749-5679, E-ISSN 1749-5687, Vol. 4, no 1, p. 1-14Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The globalized security situation characterized by transnational threats and international interventionism in ‘‘new wars,’’ connect non traditional local actors and traditional global actors to one another in unprecedented ways. We argue that children in particular need to be highlighted because they are highly pertinent to the globalized security situation, yet they make up one of the few agents that have remained non-politicized in the eyes of the scholarly community. The article suggests a framework of analysis that can generate analyses on security of traditional as well as non-traditional agents. Placing non-traditional groups in the center of attention serves to mirror the complexities of the current security situation better.

1 - 45 of 45
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