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  • 1.
    Björnehed, Emma
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Eriksson, Josefina
    Department of Government, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Making the most of the frame: developing the analytical potential of frame analysis2018In: Policy Studies, ISSN 0144-2872, E-ISSN 1470-1006, Vol. 39, no 2, p. 109-126-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Frame analysis has been developed and applied across contexts in several disciplines such as policy analysis, where the perspective has proven fruitful to carve out essential differences in the construction of meaning and to understand the responsiveness of the strategic use of ideas. However, this article argues in line with other scholars that the analytical potential of frame analysis is not fully utilized in most empirical studies. The article addresses two points of critique raised against frame analytical perspectives: the limited view of the framing process and the limited understanding of frame effects. We suggest two analytical dimensions that help to develop the analytical potential of frame analysis in policy analysis and beyond: firstly, the institutionalization process of frames which can capture the struggle of meaning within policy processes and also distinguish between the varying influences of different frames over space and time. Secondly, the extension of frame effects that through a reconceptualization of frame effects can capture how a frame has an effect on actors other than the audience and beyond its immediate purpose.

  • 2.
    Björnehed, Emma
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Weissmann, Mikael
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Land Operations Section.
    Praktisk examination och examination av praktik: möjligheter och begränsningar2018Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Frågan om praktisk examination och hur man kan och bör examinera praktik är någonting som under en längre tid har varit uppe för diskussion på Försvarshögskolan (FHS). Denna artikel syftar till att diskutera möjligheter och begränsningar med praktisk examination. Fokus kommer att vara på utbildningen av officerare inom det ämne författarna verkar – krigsvetenskap. Artikeln tar sig an frågan med utgångspunkt i gällande rättsläge, högskolepedagogisk forskning- och praktik. Det övergripande syftet är att förstå vad man faktiskt får göra, hur det sker rättssäkert och hur det kan göras i praktiken. Artikeln diskuterar även vad som bör examineras praktiskt och hur detta då skall göras.

  • 3.
    Erdeniz, Robert
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, War Studies Division, Sektionen för operationskonst (KV Opkonst). Division of Philosophy, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Johansson, Linda
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section. Division of Philosophy, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Military operations planning and goal-management: a philosophical perspective: thoughts on how decision theory and ethics can help improve military goal-management2019In: Journal of Military and Strategic Studies, E-ISSN 1488-559X, Vol. 19, no 3Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper discusses and reviews some previous research concerning what we denote as ‘goal-management’, in other words how to set, apply and evaluate goals when conducting military operations planning. We aim to explain and answer the following question:

    • In what way could a review of previous philosophical thoughts on goal-management, decision theory and ethics improve contemporary military operations planning concerning goal-management?

    We suggest a guideline (a planning tool) for how to conduct goal-management when planning military operations and exemplify our guideline with two fictive examples concerning the development of an Operational advice and Appreciation of Rules of Engagement. The paper concludes that the application of decision theory and ethics, i.e. important parts of philosophy, can contribute to military operations planning by focusing on three perspectives: an axiomatic, an ethical and a deliberative perspective.

  • 4.
    Eriksson, Josefina
    et al.
    Department of Government, Uppsala University, Uppsala, (SWE).
    Larsson, Oscar
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    How platforms facilitate collaboration across organizational boundaries: fighting human trafficking in Sweden2020In: Policy sciences, ISSN 0032-2687, E-ISSN 1573-0891Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The use of collaborations and partnerships that engage a variety of actors from both the public and private spheres has drawn attention during the last decade as a promising strategy for combatting trafficking and improving assistance to victims of trafficking. This article investigates the Swedish Civil Society Platform against Human Trafficking as an example of successful collaboration between civil society actors. The aim is to explore how the platform as a distinct organizational form is capable of dealing productively with some of the challenges facing internal and external collaboration. We utilize interviews with key actors and a study of policy documents as we argue that the modularity and flexibility of the platform organizational form are key factors in its success. While it is a robust type of organization that may be regarded as a trustworthy partner, it also permits its member organizations to continue functioning as independent entities.

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  • 5.
    Finlan, Alastair
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Joint Warfare Division, Joint Operations Section.
    Danielsson, Anna
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Joint Warfare Division, Joint Operations Section.
    Lundqvist, Stefan
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section. Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Joint Warfare Division, Joint Operations Section.
    Critically engaging the concept of joint operations: Origins, reflexivity and the case of Sweden2021In: Defence Studies, ISSN 1470-2436, E-ISSN 1743-9698, Vol. 21, no 3, p. 356-374Article in journal (Refereed)
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  • 6.
    Friedner Parrat, Charlotta
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Change in International Society: How Not to Recreate the 'First Debate' of International Relations2020In: International Studies Review, ISSN 1521-9488, E-ISSN 1468-2486, Vol. 22, no 4, p. 758-778Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The English school of international relations is in large parts focused on the study of historical change; at the same time, however, it is remarkably unclear on how to understand change in between the idealist belief in progress and the realist eternal cycles of recurrence. This article seeks to avoid this dead end by questioning the school's understanding of change as a commonsensical concept. It is argued that change would be better understood as composed of three facets: one ontological (what is change?), one explanatory (what causes change?), and one normative (is change desirable?). This metatheoretical reconceptualization of change permits cross-checking the three facets against each other for internal coherence, but most importantly, it makes visible the underlying assumptions used to study change, so that ideas of history, causes, and normative ideals can be openly scrutinized, questioned, and defended rather than treated as self-evident. The resulting suggestion of an internally metatheoretically coherent understanding of change in international society signifies a much-needed addition to the English school tool-kit. It brings a promise of a significant metatheoretical overhaul of the theory, which, if taken up, will open up new horizons for the school. In addition, it opens up similar metatheoretical inquiries into other international relations theories’ views of change.

  • 7.
    Friedner Parrat, Charlotta
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Spandler, Kilian
    University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, (SWE).
    Using the English School to Understand Current Issues in World Politics2021In: International Society: Trends in European IR Theory / [ed] Navari, Cornelia, Cham: Palgrave Pivot, 2021, 1, p. 145-160Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter asks in what way the English School (ES) is a helpful framework for addressing questions that are likely to concern International Relations researchers in the years to come. We draw on recent scholarship to demonstrate the utility, often underestimated, of the English School in making sense of topical issues in world politics. We revisit research on, first, the role of emerging powers and the future of world order; second, globalization and regionalization; and third, European security and Brexit. In each case, the ES sensitivity to nuance and its historical awareness make sense of the complexity and apparent contradictions of ongoing transitions. We conclude that the unique theoretical, conceptual and methodological approach of the English School makes it an essential resource for understanding and critically investigating current world politics.

  • 8.
    Friedner Parrat, Charlotta
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Spandler, Kilian
    University of Gothenburg, (SWE).
    Yao, Joanne
    Queen Mary, University of London, (GBR).
    The English School as a theory and a scholarly community2020In: Cambridge Review of International Affairs, ISSN 0955-7571, E-ISSN 1474-449X, Vol. 33, no 4, p. 483-486Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    It is becoming customary to define the English School (ES) as a group of scholars participating in a common inquiry related to a few central concepts, notably that of international society. Although the roots of the ES are often attributed to the British Committee on the Theory of International Politics, it is now said to be more of an open society of impersonal ties rather than an exclusive community based on personal relations. But how true is that assertion? If the School is theoretically open to anyone, why are its members predominantly male, white and Western? In this piece, we discuss three obstacles that prevent the ES from becoming a more inclusive venture.

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  • 9. Frisk, Robert
    et al.
    Johansson, Linda
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    From Samurais to Borgs: Reflections on the importance of Intelligence Ethics2021In: The international journal of intelligenca and counter intelligence, ISSN 0885-0607, E-ISSN 1521-0561, Vol. 34, no 1, p. 70-96Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 10.
    Hulterström, Patrik
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    "Svensk marintaktik - existerar det någon sådan?" Tänkvärt men missvisande - ett genmäle2020In: Tidskrift i sjöväsendet, ISSN 0040-6945, no 3, p. 267-272Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    This text is a rebuttal to Niklas Wiklunds remarks on Swedish research and training in naval tactics, presented in his article ”Svensk marintaktik – existerar det någon sådan?” in Tidskrift i Sjöväsendet – Kungl. Örlogsmannasällskapet, nr 6 2019. It claims that although Wiklund’s remarks are thought-provoking and may serve as a basis for discussion, they are also misguided. Wiklund’s mistake is an inadequate analysis of tactics and a misconception regarding scholarly research. This text posits that an analysis of tactics must include an analysis of tactical knowledge and what it means to know tactics. Furthermore, it urges that the Swedish Armed Forces and the Swedish Defence University coordinate their efforts to develop tactical knowledge.

  • 11.
    Hulterström, Patrik
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Widén, Jerker
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Tre perspektiv på strid2019In: Kungl Krigsvetenskapsakademiens Handlingar och Tidskrift, ISSN 0023-5369, no 3, p. 7-23Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study is to introduce three different approaches to combat, and to analyze and compare six different theories of combat with the help of these perspectives. This includes theories of, for example, Clausewitz, Boyd, Van Creveld and Lanchester. By categorizing and analyzing such theories, the knowledge of how combat can be understood and investigated increases. The three different perspectives are called human-centered, social and physical perspective. The perspectives are in turn structured around four concept-pairs (dimensions) that are used to analyze and interpret the theories. The dimensions are termed existential-instrumental, mental-physical, descriptive-prescriptive and qualitative-quantitative. Among other things the results show that all six theories, regardless of perspective, are needed to better explain how the phenomenon of combat can be understood. Some conflicts between these theories are apparent and often based on misconceptions, conceptual disorder or on selective analyses. We also show both the pros and cons of the perspectives and analytical tools presented, and how the framework could be used in further research on combat, not just theoretical but also empirical.

  • 12.
    Johansson, Linda
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Artificiell intelligens och konstgjord moral2018In: Religion & Livsfrågor, ISSN 0347-2159, no 4, p. 4-5Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 13.
    Johansson, Linda
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Bör robotar få döda?: Etiska aspekter på militära autonoma system2017In: Tidskrift i sjöväsendet, ISSN 0040-6945, no 1, p. 26-35Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Two concepts are central in the debate regarding lethal autonomous weapon systems: autonomy and dignity. Autonomy is crucial when looking at the responsibility, particularly when autonomous systems become more advanced, and there is also an issue on whether they can be held responsible for their actions. But even if that is not the case, they may affect the responsibility of humans in the decision-chain. The other term, dignity, is used in the debate on whether autonomous systems should be allowed to make decisions on killing. The argument is that autonomous systems should not be allowed to kill, since they are not able to respect human dignity. My point is that these concepts need to be discussed more in anticipation of more advanced robots and autonomous weapon systems.

  • 14.
    Johansson, Linda
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Den leende roboten2018In: Axess, ISSN 1651-0941, no 1, p. 51-53Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Robotar kan vara roliga. Samtidigt är det svårt att tänka sig att de skulle kunna programmeras för att få känsla för tillvarons absurditeter. Frågan är om en robot kan ha humor. 

  • 15.
    Johansson, Linda
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Ethical aspects of military maritime and aerial autonomous systems2018In: Journal of Military Ethics, ISSN 1502-7570, E-ISSN 1502-7589, Vol. 17, no 2-3, p. 140-155Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Two categories of ethical questions surrounding military autonomous systems are discussed in this article. The first category concerns ethical issues regarding the use of military autonomous systems in the air and in the water. These issues are systematized with the Laws of Armed Conflict (LOAC) as a backdrop. The second category concerns whether autonomous systems may affect the ethical interpretation of LOAC. It is argued that some terms in LOAC are vague and can be interpreted differently depending on which ethical normative theory is used, which may increase with autonomous systems. The impact of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) on the laws of war will be discussed and compared to Maritime Autonomous Systems (MAS). The conclusion is that there is need for revisions of LOAC regarding autonomous systems, and that the greatest ethically relevant difference between UAVs and MAS has to do with issues connected to jus ad bellum – particularly lowering the threshold for starting war – but also the sense of unfairness, violation of integrity, and the potential for secret wars.

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  • 16.
    Johansson, Linda
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Hopp eller hot: om artificiell intelligens2021In: Känsliga frågor, nödvändiga samtal: att lära om och av kontroverser / [ed] Karin K. Flensner, Göran Larsson, Roger Säljö, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 2021, 1, p. 145-160Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 17.
    Johansson, Linda
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Är det fegt att använda drönare?2017In: Mod i strid och filosofi: Dygdetiska perspektiv från Aristoteles till drönarkriget / [ed] Peter Haldén och Björn Tjällén, Nordic Academic Press, 2017, p. 195-217Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 18.
    Kindström Dahlin, Moa
    et al.
    Uppsala University (SWE).
    Larsson, Oscar
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Winell, Anneli
    Uppsala University (SWE).
    Conclusion2021In: Religion, migration and Existial wellbeing / [ed] Moa Kindström Dahlin, Oscar L. Larsson, Anneli Winell, London: Routledge, 2021, 1Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This concluding chapter of the edited volume provides empirical and theoretical insights on the topics and contributions of the individual chapters. At the core of the argument and purpose of the book was an interest to identify and discuss the conditions of co-existence and solidarity among different groups in society, as well as how individuals could achieve a sense of socio-cultural belonging, including physical and mental health, which could potentially spur social cohesion in the age of diversity. The chapters in the book have touched upon a number of related issues and the contributing authors have made their analyses with examples from several countries (such as Sweden, Greece, Hungary, Australia, Finland and Belgium). All the chapters provide their own analyses and conclusions, which is why this closing chapter has the humble ambition of sharing some of the observations and reflections we have made during the journey of curating and theorising this volume.

  • 19.
    Kindström, Moa
    et al.
    Uppsala University, (SWE).
    Larsson, Oscar
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Winell, Anneli
    Uppsala University, (SWE).
    Introduction: Theorizing the role of religion in contemporary migration and integration governance2020In: Religion, Migration and Existential Wellbeing / [ed] Larsson, Oscar; Kindström Moa; Winell, Anneli, London: Routledge, 2020, 1Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This book aims to engage with one of the more pressing issues in the contemporary world, namely migration, either forced or voluntary. It intends to do so by focusing on the wellbeing of migrants and the role of religion in processes of integration in host societies. The book brings together researchers from various disciplines taking on the challenge to elaborate on the theme of this book from different perspectives, using different methods and theories. The value of multidisciplinary research on the role of religion in a globalised society – locally, nationally and internationally – can hardly be overestimated. Religious aspects and actors are present in legal, political and social policy contexts and form the basis for future research on e.g. secularisation, democracy, minorities, human rights, welfare, healthcare and identity formation. These and other related topics are discussed in this book. This introductory chapter provides the theoretical foundation for the book and its contributions

  • 20.
    Kindström, Moa
    et al.
    Uppsala University (SWE).
    Larsson, OscarSwedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.Winell, AnneliUppsala University (SWE).
    Religion, Migration, and Existential Wellbeing2021Collection (editor) (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This book uses the very latest research to examine current interactions between religion, migration and existential wellbeing. In particular, it demonstrates the role of religion and religious organizations in the social, medical and existential wellbeing of immigrants within their host societies. By focusing on the role and politics of religion and religious organisations as well as the religious identity and faith of individuals, it highlights the connection between existential wellbeing, integration and social cohesion.

    The book brings together researchers from various disciplines taking on the challenge to elaborate on the theme of this book from different perspectives, using different methods and theories with a wide selection of cases from various parts of the world. The value of multidisciplinary research on the role of religion in a globalised society – locally, nationally and internationally – is important for understanding the composition and potential solutions to social and political problems. Religious aspects and organisations are present in legal, political and social forms of governance and form the basis for future research on e.g. secularisation, democracy, minorities, human rights, welfare, healthcare and identity formation. These and other related topics are discussed in this book.

    This book is an up-to-date and multifaceted study of how religion engages with the mass movement of peoples. As such, it will be of great interest to any scholar of Religious Studies, Migrant Studies, Sociology of Religion, Religion and Politics, as well as Legal Studies with a human right focus

  • 21.
    Larsson, Oscar
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section. The Swedish University of Agricultural Studies, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Security and Citizenship2019In: The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies / [ed] Scott Romaniuk, Manish Thapa, Péter Marton, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019, 1stChapter in book (Refereed)
  • 22.
    Larsson, Oscar
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Technocracy, Governmentality, and Post-Structuralism2020In: Critical review (New York, N.Y.), ISSN 0891-3811, E-ISSN 1933-8007, Vol. 32, no 1-3, p. 103-123Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The technocratic dimension of government—its reliance upon knowledge claims, usually in scientific guise—is of great importance if we wish to understand modern power and governance. In Power Without Knowledge: A Critique of Technocracy, Jeffrey Friedman investigates the often-overlooked question of the relationship between technocratic knowledge/power and ideas. Friedman’s contribution to our understanding of technocracy can therefore be read as a contribution to governmentality studies, one that introduces the possibility of adding normative solutions to this critical tradition.

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  • 23.
    Larsson, Oscar
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    The connections between crisis and war preparedness in Sweden2021In: Security Dialogue, ISSN 0967-0106, E-ISSN 1460-3640, Vol. 52, no 4, p. 206-324Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Contemporary liberal and democratic states have ‘securitized’ a growing number of issues by advancing the notion of societal security. This is coupled with a proactive stance and the conception of building societal resilience in order to withstand future crises and disturbances. The preemptive logic of contemporary security and crisis management calls for a new type of resilient neoliberal subject who is willing to accept uncertainty and shoulder greater individual responsibility for her own security. This article offers a genealogical analysis of this development in Sweden since the end of the Cold War, highlighting the role now assigned to citizens within social and national security planning. I argue that seeking a return to a more traditional notion of ‘total defence’ blurs the previously important war/peace and crisis/security distinctions. While war preparedness in previous eras was an exceptional aspect of human life and citizenship, the conceptions of security now evolving bind together societal and national security such that civil and war preparedness are merged into an ever-present dimension of everyday existence. The analysis also reveals that the responsibilization of individuals introduces a moral dimension into security and generates new forms of citizen–citizen relations. These extricate the sovereign powers of the state and the liberalist social contract between the state and its citizens.

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  • 24.
    Larsson, Oscar
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    The maritime turn in EU foreign and security policies - aims, actors, and mechanisms of integration2021In: Defense and Security Analysis, ISSN 1475-1798, E-ISSN 1475-1801, Vol. 37, no 3, p. 381-383Article, book review (Refereed)
  • 25.
    Larsson, Oscar
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    The role of religion and the power of civil society actors in integration governance in rural contexts2020In: Religion, Migration and Existential Wellbeing / [ed] Moa Kindström Dahlin, Oscar L. Larsson, Anneli Winell, London: Routledge, 2020, 1Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 26.
    Larsson, Oscar
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Why More Civil Society Will Not Lead to Less Domination: Dealing with Present Day State Phobia through Michel Foucault and Neo-Republicanism2021In: Journal of Political Power, ISSN 2158-379X, E-ISSN 2158-3803, Vol. 14, no 1, p. 258-275Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The notion of civil society, as an ontologically distinct sphere, separated from the state thereby serves as an antidote to the sovereign power of the state. Since the 1990s, we have seen reforms and organizational structures that advances the role ofthe market as well as the civil society along with a voluntary sector, often with the deliberate attempt to disrupt the power of the stateand to tame the Leviathan through the promotion of networks,partnerships, co-governance and collaboration. This can be understoodin terms of a present day state phobia and builds on a liberal conception of negative freedom understood as non-interference.Yet if we take Foucault‘s theorizations of power as omnipresent as itdisrupts the power/freedom dichotomy we need to find alternativeways to cope with relations of power in order to not let themdeteriorate into relations of domination. I argue in this article that neo-republican ideal of non-domination can be combined with Foucault’s insights on the nature of power. If correct, a continued promotion of more civil society involvement and partnerships between public and private actors provides a false insurance to diminish domination in contemporary societies.

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  • 27.
    Larsson, Oscar
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of War Studies and Military History. Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Dean, Mitchell
    CBS, Copenhagen University (DNK).
    Sovereignty and sovereign powers in global governmentality2021In: The Globality of Governmentality: Governing an Entangled World / [ed] Jan Busse, London: Routledge, 2021, p. 85-102Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 28.
    Larsson, Oscar
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Sjöqvist, Sara
    Department of Rural Development, The Swedish University of AgriculturalSciences, Uppsala, (SWE).
    Managing National Food Security in the Global North: Is collaborative governance a possible route forward?2022In: Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy, ISSN 1944-4079, E-ISSN 1944-4079, Vol. 13, no 2, p. 118-143Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Many countries in the “Global North” that have enjoyed relative food security for a number of decades now face challenges that may lead to disturbances in food supplies. Global markets and global flows are not as self-evident as they were a few years ago and new modes of governance for managing national food security during crisis are required. Recent events such as the COVID-19 pandemic have further showed that global production systems and communications are fragile to a range of different disturbances. This article examines the possibility of managing national food security through collaborative arrangements between public authorities and private food companies through a case study of the Swedish approach to food security. The analysis is based on a theoretical framework that highlights the importance of motivation, leadership, shared understanding, and trust as four dimensions that evaluate collaborative governance in precrisis situations. We conclude that although a broader understnding of the importance of food security has emerged, collaborative governance arrangements run the risk of creating only an illusion of readiness, due to unclear mandates and clear leadership not able to advance trust, legal structures, or concrete agreements for ensuring national food security.

  • 29.
    Ledberg, Sofia
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Division of Strategy.
    Ahlbäck Öberg, Shirin
    Uppsala Universitet, SWE.
    Björnehed, Emma
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Managerialism and the Military: Consequences for the Swedish Armed ForcesIn: Armed forces and society, ISSN 0095-327X, E-ISSN 1556-0848Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article analyzes civil-military relations and the issue of civilian control through the lens of new managerialism. It illustrates that the means and mechanisms applied by governments to govern the military actually shape its organization and affect its functions in ways not always acknowledged in the civil-military debate. We start by illustrating the gradual introduction of management reforms to the Swedish Armed Forces and the growing focus on audit and evaluation. The article thereafter analyzes the consequences of these managerialist trends for the most central installation of the armed forces-its headquarters. It further exemplifies how such trends affect the work of professionals at the military units. In conclusion, managerialist reforms have not only changed the structure of the organization and the relationship between core and support functions but have also placed limits on the influence of professional judgment.

  • 30.
    Lundqvist, Stefan
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Continuity and Change in post-Cold War Maritime Security: A Study of the Strategies Pursued by the US, Sweden and Finland 1991-20162017Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    What explains continuity and change in post-Cold War maritime security strategies? What lessons can we learn from the employment of such comprehensive grand strategies in maritime regions where traditional and non-traditional threats converge? While many scholars have addressed particular maritime security issues, this author joins the few who engage themselves in the study of the conceptual development of maritime security.

    Through the lens of structural realism, this thesis examines the logic of the maritime security strategies employed in two distinguished regions by the US and EU member states Finland and Sweden. It concludes that while their maritime security concept remains broad, the recent increase in security pressure has renewed the priority assigned to the military sector of security. Navies are thus re-using the measures implemented by a broad set of civil agencies and the shipping industry to improve maritime security, to gain the level of maritime domain awareness required for establishing regional sea control and project power from the sea.

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    fulltext
  • 31.
    Lundqvist, Stefan
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Continuity and change in US post-Cold War maritime security strategyManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 32.
    Lundqvist, Stefan
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    In Search of Cross-Domain Deterrence: Implications of Mutual Deterrence Strategies for the Rules-based Security Order in Europe2017Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 33.
    Lundqvist, Stefan
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    In Search of Deterrence: Implications of the Strategies pursued by Russia and the West2017Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Following Russia’s 2014 annexation of Crimea, Russia and the West have taken measures and counter-measures in multiple domains aimed at mutual deterrence. Russia’s move from a policy of cooperation to confrontation with the West followed processes of eastward expansion by the EU and NATO, and involved renewed geopolitical and geoeconomic ambitions in the post-Soviet space. Its economic growth in the 2000s, centralisation of power and launch of ambitious armament programmes premised the policy change, while the stepwise counter-measures implemented by the West risk escalating the conflict. Russia’s vulnerable economy provides an opportunity for the West to achieve a de-escalation outcome by jointly imposing also firm economic sanctions on Russia.

  • 34.
    Sörenson, Karl
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Comparable Deterrence: Target, Criteria and Purpose2017In: Defence Studies, ISSN 1470-2436, E-ISSN 1743-9698, Vol. 17, no 2, p. 198-213Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The last decade has seen several advances in the study of deterrence. These advances have sparked some strong disagreements regarding interpretation of the models and what their contributions signify. This paper appraises the discussions from a model theoretic perspective. It is argued that when comparing rivalling models three aspects; (i) target, (ii) criteria and (iii) type of purpose should be taken into account in order to make a proper appraisal. Informed by these aspects it is evident that the three deterrence models analysed address different aspects, in different ways and to different ends. From this perspective, the so-called Perfect Deterrence model must be recognised as a clear advancement in the research field. Model comparison will always be context relative and a plurality of models should be viewed favourably.

  • 35.
    Sörenson, Karl
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Deterring the Dauntless: Appraising the effects of naval deterrence against the Somali piracy2018In: WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs (JoMA), ISSN 1651-436X, E-ISSN 1654-1642, Vol. 17, no 1, p. 31-48Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article considers whether the Somali pirates were deterred by the naval task forces between the years 2009 and 2013. By disaggregating data and using previously unpublished records regarding the naval operations, two areas of operations are identified as potential periods of deterrence. The article uses a model of asymmetric deterrence to study the outcomes and equilibria of the navy-pirate interaction. It is found that the naval operations eventually did deter the Somali pirates in the Gulf of Aden, but that this objective was not met in the Somali Basin. It is concluded that the operational focus on the Gulf of Aden coupled with the fact that the area is relatively smaller than the Somali Basin enabled the naval credibility, thus effectively denying the pirates access to the sea. Conversely, limited attention by the naval units and the long Somali southern coast with its open waters impeded naval control in the Somali Basin. In connection to these findings some conclusions regarding naval deterrence are discussed.

  • 36.
    Sörenson, Karl
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section. Department of Philosophy and History, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden.
    In Search of Lost Deterrence: Two essays on deterrence and the models employed to study the phenomenon2019Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    To deter is central for strategic thinking. Some of the more astute observations regarding the dynamics of deterrence were made during the Cold War by game theorists. This set the stage for how deterrence has come to be studied. A strong methodological element like the research on deterrence’s reliance on game theory requires examination in order to understand what sort of knowledge it actually yields. What sort of knowledge does one acquire when deterrence is viewed through game theoretic models? How do they inform us about the phenomenon of deterrence? To understand the nature of a phenomenon through models requires idealization, which in turn presupposes assumptions. This licentiate thesis investigates the type of knowledge we attain when approaching deterrence from a game theoretic perspective. The two articles presented address two separate but related issues. The first article reviews a debate regarding which deterrence model best capture the phenomena of deterrence, i.e. how models can be compared to one and other. The article presents a framework for comparing models and then appraises how these different deterrence models inform us about deterrence. The second article uses one of the more central deterrence models in order to evaluate how and to what extent the naval operation Atalanta managed to deter the Somali piracy.

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  • 37.
    Thunholm, Peter
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division.
    Widén, Jerker
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Militär Doktrin2018In: Militära arbetsmetoder: en lärobok i krigsvetenskap / [ed] Peter Thunholm, Jerker Widén, Niklas Wikström, Malmö: Universus Academic Press , 2018, p. 15-48Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    I kapitlet diskuteras doktrinens roll som verktyg och arbetsmetod inom den militära sfären. Diskussionerna bygger primärt på forskning om doktrin, men även på den beprövade erfarenhet som ackumulerats över tid inom försvarsmakter världen över, främst i några av de västländer som haft regelbunden erfarenhet av deltagande i väpnade konflikter. Vidare redogörs övergripande för hur den formella doktrinutvecklingsprocessen ser ut i några av dessa länder, främst i syfte att belysa hur en väl utvecklad och genomtänkt process för doktrinutveckling och doktrinimplementering kan utformas.

    Kapitlet består av två delar, där den första diskuterar begreppet doktrin, vad det är och varför en doktrin anses viktig att ha för en militär organisation. Den andra delen handlar om hur doktriner utvecklas och implementeras och vilka erfarenheter man kan dra från sådana utvecklings- och implementeringsprocesser. I detta kapitel, om inget annat sägs, används begreppet "doktrin" som ett övergripande samlingsbegrepp för den typ av formaliserade styrdokument som i Sverige uppdelas i bland annat doktriner, reglementen, anvisningar, taktiska procedurer, handböcker, bestämmelser och instruktioner, och som militära myndigheter ger ut i såväl sekretessbelagda som öppna och publicerade texter. 

  • 38.
    Thunholm, Peter
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, War Studies Division.
    Widén, Jerker
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Militära doktriner2016Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Den som studerar krig och krigföring eller försöker lära sig hur militära organisationer och förband bedriver sin verksamhet kommer snart i kontakt med begreppet doktrin. I texten, som är avsett att bli ett kapitel i en lärobok i krigsvetenskap, diskuteras doktrinens roll som verktyg och arbetsmetod inom den militära sfären. Diskussionerna bygger primärt på forskning om doktrin, men även på den beprövade erfarenhet som ackumulerats över tid i försvarsmakter världen över, främst i några av de västländer som haft regelbunden erfarenhet av deltagande i väpnade konflikter. Vidare redogörs övergripande för hur den formella doktrinutvecklingsprocessen ser ut i några av dessa länder, främst i syfte att belysa hur en väl utvecklad och genomtänkt process för doktrinutveckling och doktrinimplementering kan utformas.  Kapitlet består av två delar, där den första diskuterar begreppet doktrin, vad det är och varför en doktrin anses viktig att ha för en militär organisation. Den andra delen handlar om hur doktriner utvecklas och implementeras och vilka erfarenheter man kan dra från sådana utvecklings- och implementeringsprocesser. I detta kapitel, om inget annat sägs, används begreppet ”doktrin” som ett övergripande samlingsbegrepp för den typ av formaliserade styrdokument som i Sverige uppdelas i bl.a. doktriner, reglementen, anvisningar, taktiska procedurer, handböcker, bestämmelser och instruktioner, och som militära myndigheter ger ut i såväl sekretessbelagda som öppna och publicerade texter. Läroboken i sin helhet förväntas publiceras som en antologi på vetenskapligt förlag (Studentlitteratur, Lund) under 2017.

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  • 39.
    Thunholm, Peter
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division.
    Widén, Jerker
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Wikström, Niklas
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division.
    Introduktion: Militära arbetsmetoder2018In: Militära arbetsmetoder: Lärobok i krigsvetenskap / [ed] Peter Thunholm, Jerker Widén, Niklas Wikström, Malmö: Universus Academic Press , 2018, p. 7-13Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Boken behandlar militära arbetsmetoder och syftet är att introducera och förklara de metoder som används för att förbereda, utföra och värdera militära operationer.

  • 40.
    Thunholm, Peter
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division.
    Widén, JerkerSwedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.Wikström, NiklasSwedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division.
    Militära Arbetsmetoder: en lärobok i krigsvetenskap2018Collection (editor) (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Boken behandlar militära arbetsmetoder och syftet är att introducera och förklara de metoder som används för att förbereda, utföra och värdera militära operationer. Boken är även avsedd att fylla en lucka i befintlig militär metodlitteratur genom att ge en historisk förankring och forskningsanknytning till de militära arbetsmetoderna. Genom att beskriva den historiska utvecklingen av en arbetsmetod och koppla den till befintlig forskning ger boken en unik bakgrundsbeskrivning och problematiserande analys av de vanligaste militära arbetsmetoderna.

    Boken innehåller några övergripande teman. Det första är kopplat till officerens roll som chef och stabsmedlem. Inom detta tema beskrivs de metoder som används i den militära ledningsprocessen, det vill säga planering, genomförandeledning, uppföljning och utvärdering. Det andra är kopplat till officerens roll som utbildare och inom detta tema beskrivs de militära utbildnings- och arbetsmetoder som används för analys av strid i rummet eller terrängen, till exempel krigsspel, fältövningar och terränganalys. Ett tredje tema i boken är kopplingen mellan arbetsmetod och aktuell forskning.

  • 41.
    Weissmann, Mikael
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Land Operations Section.
    Björnehed, Emma
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Praktisk examination och examination av praktik: Möjligheter och begränsningar2019In: Kungl Krigsvetenskapsakademiens Handlingar och Tidskrift, ISSN 0023-5369, no 2, p. 91-103Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The ability to lead armed combat is central to an officer. It is clear that the military professionis about more than possessing theoretical knowledge. Thus, in order to achieve an educationalprogram that includes the skills and abilities of the military profession there is a need to lookbeyond traditional written examination and apply practical examination in various forms.In this article we argue that while all practice can and should be examined through practicalexamination, not everything that is practically examined has to be practice. More specifically,this article will focus on the possibilities and limitations with practical examination. Focuswill be on the education of officers within the context of war studies. The article approachesthe issue on the basis of the legal framework for higher education in Sweden, research onteaching and learning in higher education and practice at the Swedish Defence University. Theoverall purpose is to understand practical examination with regard to what is allowed, howit is done with judicial security, and how it can be done in practice. The article also discusseswhat should be practically examined and how this should be done.

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    Praktisk examination och examination av praktik_KKrVA_2019_2
  • 42.
    Widén, Jerker
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Sjømilitær kompetanse og lederutvikling i 200 år: Sjøkrigsskolen 1817-20172018In: Norsk Militært Tidsskrift, ISSN 0029-2028, Vol. 188, no 2, p. 66-67Article, book review (Other academic)
  • 43.
    Widén, Jerker
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Small navies: strategy and policy for small navies in war and peace2017In: Journal for maritime research, ISSN 2153-3369, Vol. 19, no 1, p. 81-82Article, book review (Other academic)
  • 44.
    Widén, Jerker
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    Olsén, Thomas
    Försvarsmakten (SWE).
    Doktrindilemmat: Vad är problemet och hur kan det lösas?2020In: Kungl Krigsvetenskapsakademiens Handlingar och Tidskrift, ISSN 0023-5369, no 1, p. 44-57Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med denna artikel är att analysera och värdera det klassiska doktrindilemmat i ljuset av en utveckling där doktrin i ökad utsträckning används för politisk signalering snarare än att optimera militär verksamhet, och den uppfattning som finns bland doktrinskrivare att den samtida militära kontexten blir alltmer komplex och att doktrinerna därför tenderar att skrivas på en högre abstraktionsnivå i syfte att förbli aktuella i en föränderlig omvärld. I artikeln behandlas först vad doktrin är och vari nyttan med doktrin anses ligga. Därefter diskuteras olika tolkningar av doktrindilemmat, hur det uppkommer, och varför det är ett relevant problem. Slutligen presenteras en praxisnära modell om doktrindilemmat samt hur man bäst skall bemöta och hantera problemet.  Modellen som presenteras tar fasta på det interna resp. externa syftet och konsekvenserna med de två typerna av doktriner (detaljerade – generella). Vi konstaterade att en analys utefter dessa dimensioner är ett fruktbart sätt att närma sig doktrindilemmat, särskilt för en producent av doktriner. Vi presenterar även flera förslag på vidare forskning kring dilemmat, t.ex. teoriutveckling av begreppet och dess innebörd, samt olika empiriska undersökningar. 

  • 45.
    Ångström, Jan
    et al.
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership (ISSL), Division of Strategy.
    Widén, Jerker
    Swedish Defence University, Department of Military Studies, Tactical Warfare Division, Maritime Operations Section.
    軍事理論の教科書: 戦争のダイナミクスを学ぶ2021Book (Refereed)
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