The Human Social Culture Behavior (HSCB) Modeling Program: Focus 2010 conference was held August 5–7, 2009 at the Westfields Marriot in Virginia. Hosted by the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) HSCB Modeling Program, the conference brought together leading scientific and technical experts from both inside the Department of Defense and other government agencies who showcased their work in the HSCB modeling arena. Focus 2010 drew over 600 attendees from the Department of Defense, other government organizations, industry, and academia and with backgrounds ranging from sociology and anthropology to computer science and engineering.