Studies on armed conflicts and political participation have demonstrated that female political participation tends to increase post-conflict and suggests that the presence of female combatants may challenge conventional gender roles and, in turn, enable new spaces for female political engagement. It has been demonstrated that ideology, external support, and female combatants in armed rebellion may influence possibilities for continued female political mobilization. Drawing on previous research, I formulate hypotheses related to the structural, cultural, and political processes by which female mobilization during armed conflicts may influence female political mobilization post-conflict. I test these hypotheses using a statistical analysis based on data on 208 armed rebel groups in 63 countries between 1990 and 2014, as well as data on female political mobilization in informal and formal politics post-conflict. The thesis concludes that there are no conclusive findings that support the hypotheses, which may be due to structural barriers, data limitations, as well as the inclusion of negative cases in the analysis. This thesis offers some interesting findings regarding the role of ideology and external support, which contradicts the hypotheses