In 1992, NATO engaged in military operations in Bosnia-Herzegovina. This was the Alliance’s first-ever deployment ‘out-of-area’. Three years on when it deployed ground forces, it also became the Alliance’s first-ever ground force deployment. (NATO, 2004) Up until that point NATO had been reluctant to undertake non-Article 5 operations, and it was not until 1991 that the ‘management of crisis and conflict prevention’ was included in NATO’s strategic concept for the first time (NATO, 2010, p. 26). At the Rome Summit in November 1991, NATO announced that ‘it could undertake non-Article 5 operations, which included future roles in conflict resolution, crisis prevention, and peacekeeping’ (Hendrickson, 2006, p. 51). Hence, when the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina broke out in 1992, NATO had no experience with this kind of operations.